Gold extracted directly from the earth through mining operations and has never been previously refined. Primary gold includes alluvial gold, gold ore, gold concentrate, gold doré, mining byproducts, LSM gold, and ASM gold.

Gold recovered from previously refined products or materials (e.g., jewelry, electronic components, or industrial waste). It re-enters the supply chain by being returned to a refiner or a downstream intermediate processor or recycler to begin a new use cycle, without the need for new mining.

(As per OECD Due Diligence Guidance for Responsible Supply Chains of Minerals from Conflict-Affected and High-Risk Areas)

Gold investment products (ingots, bars, coins, and grain in sealed containers) held in bullion bank vaults, central bank vaults, exchanges and refineries with a verifiable date prior to 1 January 2012, which will not require a determination of origin. This includes stocks held by a third party on behalf of the listed entities.

The total weight of the gold-containing material, including impurities, packaging, pallet, or other substances that have not yet been removed through refining.

The weight of the gold-bearing material after deductions for non-gold elements such as packaging, containers, moisture, or other extraneous substances, but before accounting for purity or assay results.

The weight of the pure gold content in a sample or product, usually expressed in troy ounces or kilograms. It represents the actual quantity of gold after impurities have been excluded.

The country where the gold was originally mined or refined for the first time, as reported according to the LBMA Responsible Gold Guidance. This helps ensure traceability and compliance with ethical sourcing standards.

The mine or country where the gold-bearing material was first extracted.

The point in the supply chain where the gold is returned to the refiner or intermediary processor.